Bony fish, also known as osteichthyans, are a diverse group of fish that belong to the superclass Osteichthyes. They are characterized by a skeleton composed primarily of bone rather than cartilage, as well as other anatomical features, including:
Scales: Bony fish have scales that are made of bone and are embedded in their skin. These scales provide protection against predators and help to regulate body temperature.
Swim bladder: Bony fish have a swim bladder, which is an air-filled sac that helps them to control their buoyancy and stay at a certain depth in the water.
Fins: Bony fish have fins that are supported by bony rays or spines. These fins are used for propulsion, stability, and maneuvering.
Gills: Bony fish have gills that are used for breathing. Water is taken in through the mouth and passed over the gills, where oxygen is extracted and carbon dioxide is released.
Lateral line: Bony fish have a lateral line, which is a sensory organ that runs along the side of their body. It helps them to detect vibrations and pressure changes in the water, which can be used for navigation and locating prey.
Bony operculum: Bony fish have a b
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